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<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px"><span style="font-size: medium"><b>S</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is a statistical<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="Programming language" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language"><span style="font-size: medium">programming language</span></a><span style="font-size: medium"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>developed primarily by<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="John Chambers (programmer)" class="mw-redirect" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chambers_(programmer)"><span style="font-size: medium">John Chambers</span></a><span style="font-size: medium"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and (in earlier versions) Rick Becker and Allan Wilks of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="Bell Labs" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs"><span style="font-size: medium">Bell Laboratories</span></a><span style="font-size: medium">. The aim of the language, as expressed by John Chambers, is "to turn ideas into software, quickly and faithfully."</span></p><p style="margin: 0.5em 0px"><span style="font-size: medium">The two modern implementations of S are<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="R (programming language)" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R_(programming_language)"><span style="font-size: medium">R</span></a><span style="font-size: medium">, part of the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="GNU" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU"><span style="font-size: medium">GNU</span></a><span style="font-size: medium"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>free software project, and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a title="S-PLUS" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-PLUS"><span style="font-size: medium">S-PLUS</span></a><span style="font-size: medium">.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px"><b><span style="font-size: large"><span id="History" class="mw-headline">HistoyHistory</span></span></b></p>
<h3 style="overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.17em; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; border-bottom-style: none; font-weight: bold; color: black; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0.5em; margin: 0.3em 0px 0px; line-height: 1.6"><span id=".22Old_S.22" class="mw-headline">"Old S"</span></h3>
<p style="margin: 0.5em 0px">S is one of several statistical computing languages that were designed at Bell Laboratories, and first took form between 1975–1976.<sup id="cite_ref-Becker_1-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; line-height: 1"><a style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; white-space: nowrap; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S_(programming_language)#cite_note-Becker-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Up to that time, much of the statistical computing was done by directly calling<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a title="Fortran" style="text-decoration: none; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: rgb(11,0,128)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran">Fortran</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>subroutines; however, S was designed to offer an alternate and more interactive approach. Early design decisions that hold even today include interactive graphics devices (printers and character terminals at the time), and providing easily accessible documentation for the functions.</p>