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<p><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp;<span style="line-height: 90%; text-indent: -0.25in; font-size: 28pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; mso-special-format:bullet;font-family:Arial">&bull;</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; line-height: 90%; text-indent: -0.25in; font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">Jong&rsquo;s definition</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">Bioinformatics is biology.</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">:</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp; direction</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: ltr0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28ptlarge"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">Why</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">?&nbsp;"</span>Bioinformatics is biology.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri">Biology is aims to understand what life is. The essence of life is information processing.</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; unicodemargin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-bidiheight: embed90%;text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt; large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; ">Therefore, bioinformatics, the study of life forms using inform</span><span style="font-weightfamily: bold;Calibri">:atics methods is the key of life science.</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt; large"><span style="font-family: Calibri"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-weightsize: bold28pt;font-family: Calibri"><br />

<p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-heightdirection: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0ptltr; margin-left: 0in; textmargin-indenttop: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">Why</span><span style="font-size: 28pt10pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">?&nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;"><br />

<p style="linemargin-heightbottom: 90%0pt; marginunicode-topbidi: 10ptembed; margin-bottomdirection: 0ptltr; margin-left: 0in; textmargin-indenttop: 0in10pt; directionline-height: ltr90%; unicodetext-bidiindent: embed;0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt&nbsp; font-family: Calibri;">Biology is aims to understand what life is. The essence of life is information processing.</span></p><p style="linemargin-heightbottom: 90%0pt; marginunicode-topbidi: 10ptembed; margin-bottomdirection: 0ptltr; margin-left: 0in; textmargin-indenttop: 0in10pt; directionline-height: ltr90%; unicodetext-bidiindent: embed;0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br />

<p div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0.25in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Arial; mso-special-format: bullet">&bull;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">Technical definition of </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">bioinformatics</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0.25in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0.25in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: -0.25in"><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp;</span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp; direction</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: ltr0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28ptlarge"><span style="font-family: Calibri">Bioinformatics is a&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-weight: bold"> Therefore, bioinformaticsdiscipline of science</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">&nbsp;that analyses, seeks understandin</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">and&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">models</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">&nbsp;the study of &nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">whole&nbsp;life forms using inform</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri">as&nbsp;an&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">information&nbsp;processing&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">phoenomenon</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28ptlarge"><span style="font-family: Calibri">utilizing&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-weight: bold">energy&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">atics with&nbsp;methods is the key of life from&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">philosophy, mathematics and computer science&nbsp;</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large"><span style="font-family: Calibri">using&nbsp;measurable&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold">biological&nbsp;experimental data.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: large">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</p><p style="margin-bottom: 0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;direction: ltr; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 10pt; line-height: 90%; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br />

<p style="linemargin-heightbottom: 90%0pt; marginunicode-topbidi: 10ptembed; margin-bottomdirection: 0ptltr; margin-left: 0in; textmargin-indenttop: 0in10pt; directionline-height: ltr90%; unicodetext-bidiindent: embed;0in"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br />

<p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><div style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size:28.0pt"><span style="mso-special-format:bullet;font-family:Arial">&bull;</span></span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">Technical definition of </span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">bioinformatics</span></div><div style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></div><div style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</div><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">Bioinformatics is a&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">discipline of science</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">&nbsp;that analyses, seeks understandin</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">and&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">models</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">&nbsp;the&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">whole&nbsp;life</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">as&nbsp;an&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">information&nbsp;processing&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">phoenomenon</span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">utilizing&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">energy&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">with&nbsp;methods from&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">philosophy, mathematics and computer science&nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">using&nbsp;measurable&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri; font-weight: bold;">biological&nbsp;experimental data.</span><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-size: 28pt; font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p><p style="line-height: 90%; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed;">&nbsp;</p>