Difference between revisions of "Minsu Kim / VOCA"

From Biolecture.org
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<p>Active Site :&nbsp;The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Active Site :&nbsp;The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.</li>
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<li>Alignment :&nbsp;arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities</li>
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</ul>
  
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
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<p>Bioinformatics&nbsp;:&nbsp;an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field that develops methods and&nbsp;software tools&nbsp;for understanding&nbsp;biological&nbsp;data. As an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field of science, bioinformatics combines&nbsp;Computer Science,&nbsp;Biology,&nbsp;Mathematics, and&nbsp;Engineering&nbsp;to analyze and interpret biological data.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Bioinformatics&nbsp;:&nbsp;an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field that develops methods and&nbsp;software tools&nbsp;for understanding&nbsp;biological&nbsp;data. As an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field of science, bioinformatics combines&nbsp;Computer Science,&nbsp;Biology,&nbsp;Mathematics, and&nbsp;Engineering&nbsp;to analyze and interpret biological data.</li>
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</ul>
  
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<ul>
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<p>BLAST :&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;Local&nbsp;Alignment&nbsp;Search&nbsp;Tool is an&nbsp;algorithm&nbsp;for comparing&nbsp;primary&nbsp;biological sequence information, such as the&nbsp;amino-acid&nbsp;sequences of&nbsp;proteins&nbsp;or the&nbsp;nucleotides&nbsp;of&nbsp;DNA sequences.</p>
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<li>BLAST :&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;Local&nbsp;Alignment&nbsp;Search&nbsp;Tool is an&nbsp;algorithm&nbsp;for comparing&nbsp;primary&nbsp;biological sequence information, such as the&nbsp;amino-acid&nbsp;sequences of&nbsp;proteins&nbsp;or the&nbsp;nucleotides&nbsp;of&nbsp;DNA sequences.</li>
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<li>Biomarker :&nbsp;generally refers to a measurable&nbsp;indicator&nbsp;of some biological state or condition. The term is also occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates the presence of a&nbsp;living organism.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Central dogma :&nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong>central dogma of molecular biology</strong>&nbsp;is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Central dogma :&nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong>central dogma of molecular biology</strong>&nbsp;is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system.</li>
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</ul>
  
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<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; DNA(Duplication)&nbsp;&rarr; RNA&nbsp;&rarr; Protein</p>
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<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DNA(Duplication)&nbsp;&rarr; RNA&nbsp;&rarr; Protein</p>
  
 
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<p>Protein Domain :&nbsp;a conserved part of a given protein sequence and&nbsp;(tertiary) structure&nbsp;that can&nbsp;evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Domain :&nbsp;a conserved part of a given protein sequence and&nbsp;(tertiary) structure&nbsp;that can&nbsp;evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Evolution :&nbsp;&nbsp;the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Evolution :&nbsp;&nbsp;the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms</li>
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<li>Epigenetics :&nbsp;the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the&nbsp;DNA sequence</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Allele frequency(gene frequency)<strong> : </strong>the relative frequency of an allele&nbsp;(variant of a gene) at a particular locus&nbsp;in a population,&nbsp;expressed as a fraction or percentage.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Frequency(allele&nbsp;frequency)<strong> : </strong>the relative frequency of an allele&nbsp;(variant of a gene) at a particular locus&nbsp;in a population,&nbsp;expressed as a fraction or percentage.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Gene Regulation :&nbsp;regulation of transcription; controlled by an operon which varies the accessibility of the RNA polymerase to genes being transcribed</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Gene Regulation :&nbsp;regulation of transcription; controlled by an operon which varies the accessibility of the RNA polymerase to genes being transcribed</li>
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</ul>
  
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
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<p>Homolog :&nbsp;In biology, homology&nbsp;is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Homolog :&nbsp;In biology, homology&nbsp;is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Taxa :&nbsp;In&nbsp;biology, a&nbsp;taxon&nbsp;(plural&nbsp;taxa;&nbsp;back-formation&nbsp;from&nbsp;<em>taxonomy</em>) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by&nbsp;taxonomists&nbsp;to form a unit.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Taxa :&nbsp;In&nbsp;biology, a&nbsp;taxon&nbsp;(plural&nbsp;taxa;&nbsp;back-formation&nbsp;from&nbsp;<em>taxonomy</em>) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by&nbsp;taxonomists&nbsp;to form a unit.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<p>Ortholog :&nbsp;Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Ortholog :&nbsp;Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
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<hr />
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<p>Paralog : Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome. Orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution, whereas paralogs evolve new functions, even if these are related to the original one.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Paralog : Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome. Orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution, whereas paralogs evolve new functions, even if these are related to the original one.</li>
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</ul>
  
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Locus :&nbsp;in genetics&nbsp;is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker (genetic marker) .</li>
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</ul>

Revision as of 04:15, 9 December 2017

  • Active Site : The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.
  • Alignment : arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities
  • Bioinformatics : an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data. As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combines Computer Science, Biology, Mathematics, and Engineering to analyze and interpret biological data.
  • BLAST : Basic Local Alignment Search Tool is an algorithm for comparing primary biological sequence information, such as the amino-acid sequences of proteins or the nucleotides of DNA sequences.
  • Biomarker : generally refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. The term is also occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates the presence of a living organism.
  • Central dogma : The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system.

          DNA(Duplication) → RNA → Protein

  • Domain : a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.
  • Evolution :  the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms
  • Epigenetics : the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence
  • Frequency(allele frequency) : the relative frequency of an allele (variant of a gene) at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage.
  • Gene Regulation : regulation of transcription; controlled by an operon which varies the accessibility of the RNA polymerase to genes being transcribed
  • Homolog : In biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa
  • Taxa : In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
  • Ortholog : Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution.
  • Paralog : Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome. Orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution, whereas paralogs evolve new functions, even if these are related to the original one.
  • Locus : in genetics is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker (genetic marker) .
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