Minsu Kim / VOCA
From Biolecture.org
- Active Site : The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.
- Alignment : arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities
- Bioinformatics : an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data. As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combines Computer Science, Biology, Mathematics, and Engineering to analyze and interpret biological data.
- BLAST : Basic Local Alignment Search Tool is an algorithm for comparing primary biological sequence information, such as the amino-acid sequences of proteins or the nucleotides of DNA sequences.
- Biomarker : generally refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. The term is also occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates the presence of a living organism.
- Central dogma : The central dogma of molecular biology is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system.
DNA(Duplication) → RNA → Protein
- CRISPR : a family of DNA sequences in bacteria. The sequences contain snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the bacterium.
- cDNA : DNA synthesized from a single stranded RNA
- Domain : a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.
- Evolution : the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms
- Epigenetics : the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence
- Frequency(allele frequency) : the relative frequency of an allele (variant of a gene) at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage.
- Gene Regulation : regulation of transcription; controlled by an operon which varies the accessibility of the RNA polymerase to genes being transcribed
- Homolog : In biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa
- Taxa : In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
- Locus : in genetics is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker (genetic marker) .
- Ortholog : Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution.
- Paralog : Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome. Orthologs retain the same function in the course of evolution, whereas paralogs evolve new functions, even if these are related to the original one.
- qRNA (Real time - PCR) : qPCR is used to quantitatively measure the amplification of DNA using fluorescent dyes. qPCR is also referred to as quantitative PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and real-time quantitative PCR.
- Reverse-Transcription RCR (RT-PCR) : RT-PCR is used to qualitatively detect gene expression through creation of complementary DNA(cDNA) transcripts from RNA
- Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) : a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree within a population
