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<h1><span style="font-size:medium">measurment of RNA expression</span></h1>
<p>Northern blotting provides size and sequence information about the mRNA molecules. A sample of RNA is separated on an agarose gel and hybridized to a radioactively labeled RNA probe that is complementary to the target sequence. The radiolabeled RNA is then detected by an autoradiograph.</p>
<p>RT-qPCR In this technique, reverse transcription is followed by quantitative PCR. Reverse transcription first generates a DNA template from the mRNA; this single-stranded template is called cDNA. The cDNA template is then amplified in the quantitative step, during which the fluorescence emitted by labeled hybridization probes or intercalating dyes changes as the DNA amplification process progresses.</p>
<p><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA-seq" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none; font-family: sans-serif; background-image: none; color: rgb(11,0,128); line-height: 22px" title="RNA-seq">RNA-seq</a><span style="color:rgb(37,37,37); font-family:sans-serif; font-size:14px"> is emerging (2013) as the method of choice for measuring transcriptomes of organisms, though the older technique of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: none; font-family: sans-serif; background-image: none; color: rgb(11,0,128); line-height: 22px" title="DNA microarray">DNA microarrays</a><span style="color:rgb(37,37,37); font-family:sans-serif; font-size:14px"> is still used.</span></p>
