Changes
From Biolecture.org
no edit summary
<p>The region that has lots of CpG motifs is called CpG island.</p>
<p>Among around 60% of protein-encoding DNA sequences, their promoters are located in CpG islands. </p>
<p>When a gene is activated, the methylation level of a nearby CpG island is low.</p>
<h4>Ex) Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) breaks down alcohol in liver cells.</h4>
<h4>We could increase the mRNA of <em>ADH</em> and then make ADH more than usual when we drink much </h4>
<h2>Only 2 % of human genome encodes protein and the other 98% controls gene expression by epigenetic mechanism.</h2>
<h2>How could epigenetic inheritance lead monozygotic twins to different ways?</h2>
<h3>The Power of Random Epigenetic Modification - X chromosome inactivation</h3>
<p>One of the copies of X chromosome in a woman is inactivated by random selection</p>
<p>When one woman has a mutation gene in one x chromosome, it could be recovered by the other x chromosome.</p>
<p>For example, Duchenne dystrophy is a severe muscular atrophy. It results from X chromosome-related <em>DYSTROPHIN</em> mutation</p>
<p>Most of the heterozygous women who have only one <em>DYSTROPHIN</em> mutation gene don't show the symptom because they have the cells which select normal <em>DYSTROPHIN</em> gene and the cells can help nearby mutated cells</p>
<hr />
