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<li>Chemical modification to the cytosine residues of DNA (DNA methylation)</li>
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<p>DNA methylation usually occurs in cytosine followed by guanine (CpG) by DNA methyltransferase</p>
<p>Most CpG motifs (Repetitive short pattern in DNA sequence or Protein sequence) are located near promoter regions.<sup>1)</sup></p>
<p>Promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene</p>
<p><img src="http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/methylation/dna_mdna.png" />(http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/methylation/dna_mdna.png)</p>
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<h4hr /><h2> Reference</h4h2>
<p>1) Bird, Adrian P. "CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation." <em>Nature</em>321.6067 (1985): 209-213.</p>
