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<h2>Principles of Bioinformatics</h2>
<p><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field of science which combines computer science, statistics, mathematics and engineering to study and process biological data.</span></p>
<h2>Bioprogramming</h2>
<p><b><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">2-1 Programming</span></b><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US"><br />
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<p><span lang="EN-US">Programming is a process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. T</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); backgroundfont-imagesize: initial; background-attachment: initial10.5pt; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background" lang="EN-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;US">he purpose of programming is to find a sequence of instructions that will automate performing a specific task or solving a given problem.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); backgroundfont-imagesize: initial; background-attachment: initial10.5pt; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background" lang="EN-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;US"><br />
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<p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); backgroundfont-imagesize: initial; background-attachment: initial10.5pt; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background" lang="EN-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;US">2-2 Compiler</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); backgroundfont-imagesize: initial; background-attachment: initial10.5pt; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background" lang="EN-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;US"><br />
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<p><span lang="EN-US">Compiler is a computer program that transforms source code written in a programming language into another computer language (binary form).</span><span lang="EN-US"><br />
<p><span lang="EN-US">In 1975 Plus and Minus technique was developed. The refinement of the Plus and Minus method resulted in the chain-termination, or Sanger method which formed the basis of the techniques of DNA sequencing, genome mapping, data storage, and bioinformatic analysis most widely used in the following quarter-century of research. In the same year, the Maxam-Gilbert method was developed which is method of DNA sequencing. In the future, there will be more effective method to sequence DNA.</span><span lang="EN-US"><br />
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<p><b><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">3-3 Relationship with other -omics.</span></b><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US"><br />
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<p><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">The English-language neologism omics informally refers to a field of study in biology ending in -omics, such as genomics, proteomics or metabolomics. The related suffix -ome is used to address the objects of study of such fields, such as the genome, proteome or metabolome respectively. The suffix -ome as used in molecular biology refers to a totality of some sort; similarly omics has come to refer generally to the study of large, comprehensive biological data sets. I think Genomics is fundamental study to other –omics such as proteomics or metabolomics, because technique or knowledge related to genomics is used to other studies to do experiment more efficiently.</span></p>
<h2>Transcriptomics</h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><b><span lang="EN-US">4-1 What is transcriptomics?</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><b><span lang="EN-US">4-7What is poly A?</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span langstyle="ENline-height: 115%; font-US" style="family: '맑은 고딕'; font-size:10.0pt10pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"맑은 고딕";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to a messenger RNA. The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature messenger RNA for translation. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"'맑은 고딕"';font-size: 10pt;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"'Times New Roman"';;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:KO;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" lang="EN-US">T</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: '맑은 고딕'; color: rgb(37, 37, 37); backgroundfont-imagesize: initial; background-attachment: initial10pt; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background" lang="EN-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;US">he poly(A) tail is important for the nuclear export, translation, and stability of mRNA.</span></p>
<h2>Proteomics</h2>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><b><span lang="EN-US">5-1What is Proteomics</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><b><span lang="EN-US">5-2 Relationship between Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="left"><span lang="EN-US">Protein is the last product of transcription and transcription. But by studying certain environments of translation and interactions among proteins, we can get information about function of genome and transcriptome.Proteomics</span></p><p classh2><span lang="MsoNormalEN-US" align>Epigenomics</span></h2><p><span lang="leftEN-US"><!--StartFragment--> Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell’s DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.</span><p> </p><h2><span lang="EN-US">Phenomics</span><o!--StartFragment--></h2><p style="text-align:left" class="HStyle0"><b>What is phenome & phenomics?</b></p></op style="text-align:pleft" class="HStyle0">A phenome is the set of all phenotypes expressed by a cell, tissue, organ, organism, or species. Just as the genome and proteome signify all of an organism's genes and proteins, the phenome represents the sum total of its phenotypic traits. Examples of human phenotypic traits are skin color, eye color, body height, or specific personality characteristics. Although any phenotype of any organism has a basis in its genotype, phenotypic expression may be influenced by environmental influences, mutation, and genetic variation such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), or a combination of these factors.</spanp></p>
