Variables, standard input and output, and conditional statements

<Variables>

:A name that refers to a value or an object.

Variable names can start only with letters &underscore.

Value assignment to variable:  Use '='

e.g) greeting='Hello, World!'

n=42

<Standard input and output>

Typically, standard output is a console on the screen. Standard input is a keyboard input.

1.Print() function

print(1, 'kilobyte means', 1024, 'bytes')                                1 kilobyte means 1024 bytes

2. input() function

number=int(input('Enter a number:'))     3

print(number+1)                               4

<Control flows: conditional statements>

Ex)

number=5

if number<10:

    if number%2==0:

        print('A single digit even number')

    else:

        print('A single digit odd number')

else:

    if number%2==0:

        print('An even number with two or more digits')

    else:

        print('An odd number with two or more digits')