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- As using Markov chain model, we can predict 5' and 3' by focusing on their relationship.<br />
- If we have reference, we can also predict 5' of UTR.</p>
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<p>* How can we distinguish whether it is UTR or not?</p>
<p>Score __________---------____________----------____________<br />
5'UTR 5'UTR -> prediction</p>
<p> - Based on score which is checked by similarity, we can predict UTR.</p>
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<p>* Expression is the ups and downs of gene products.<br />
- Expression study ▶ Functional genomics, proteomics ▶ DNA chips, microaray, RNA-seq</p>
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<p>* What is RNA?<br />
- RNA is the first machineries of biochemistry of life.<br />
- There are 10 millions of RNA in single cell. (Various structure, size, half life) <br />
- RNA world : starting point of life.</p>
<p> - Transcription : make copy, reflection, one to one<br />
- Translation : make complete different one, not one to one (triplet codon ▶ one amino acid)<br />
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- RNA vs. DNA<br />
▶ RNA is unstable. DNA is stable.<br />
▶ Number of oxyzen is different.<br />
▶ Stable RNA exists during long period and makes many protein (prefer).<br />
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- RNA database<br />
▶ RFAM (using hidden Markov model, 1 hidden Markov model represents all changes existed in one RNA species, RFAM is database stacking HMMs)</p>
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<p>* One gene<br />
- It has 7-8 exons.<br />
- It can make various mRNA by RNA splicing process (exon skip, loss). ▶ 'Alternative splicing transcription'<br />
- How many alternative splicing per gene? <10</p>
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<p>* Microarray<br />
1. Extract RNA and make cDNA with probe.<br />
2. Make cDNA array which are consisted of knwon sequences.<br />
3. Binding cDNA which is interested to cDNA array and check expression level.<br />
▶ limit : we use knwon cDNA when we make array.<br />
▶ normal vs. disease</p>
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<p>* RNA sequencing<br />
1. Extract RNA and make cDNA.<br />
2. Sequencing cDNA.</p>
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<p>+ Whole transcriptome analysis of six throughbred horses before and after exercise using RNA-seq to find difference between fast horse and slow horse.<br />
▶ Alternative splicing which is occurred immediately of specific mRNA affects to this difference of velocity.</p>