JS Homework2

1) Define Genomics your own way after doing research on what genomes are and how we study.

• We must know what the genome means first. The genome is the entire DNA content that is present within one cell of an organism. ( ref : http://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/What-is-Genomics.aspx )
• So genomics is the study to know the entire DNA content in one cell of an organism. It means that we can learn to perform genetic mapping.
• It is different for genetics or molecular biology which focus on a single gene. This study focuses on the whole genome.
• Thus, we can see whole process of central dogma which is from DNA level to proteome level, strudying genomics.
• Consequently, we need to concentrate on the connection between this central dogma including expression of the gene. For example, how does this gene work on one's body, how does the mechanism occur?

2) What is the origin of genomics?

• Frederick Sanger initiate the genomics  and develop it. He made the prectice of sequencing, genome mapping, and also upgrading bioinfomatics, data storage from 1970s. 

3) History of genomics?

• Etimology -> Early sequncing efforts -> DNA-sequencing technology development -> Complete genomes -> Revolution to "Omics"
• Starting from the mapping of the human genome in 1986, Jackson Laboratory, Maryland.
• Then Rosalind Franklin (confirmation of the helical structure of DNA), James D. Watson and Francis Crick (publication of the structure), Frederick Sanger (publcation of the Amino acid sequence of insulin).. many of scientist had been taking effort to develop the study. It is basically the core of biology and genomics became to be focusing on sequencing by Sanger and Gilbert.
• By the rapid development of genome sequencing projects, sequences of organelles, microorganisms, prokayotes had been uncovered.
• All of those made the field to evolve into omics field now, which means the biological big data sets.  
• ( ref : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomics )

4) The future of genomics?

• Genomics will be verified because of the covered region of the whole body and the discovery of new types species. In the point of technomogy, sequencing method has been developed and would be sufficiently developed as well. Also, a study is not developed alone. If one study is grown, another study which is related is also grown. For example, the development of the computer study field such as AI, programming technology will be grown together, then affect to gennomics.  

5) What is the relationship with other omics?

• I think that genomics is the wider study than other omics. Proteomics, metablomics, and epiginomcis are based on genomics, following central dogma. Of course, each of omics has different filed which is focused on differently by the purpose of each studies.

6) How can we engineer genomes?

• Gene editing, cloning, and mutagenesis, there are a lot of means to engineer our genomes. But it could be dangerous to engineer the genome which is unrevealed yet.