Transcriptome - CSH

1. What is transcriptomics?

It is study about the set of all mRNA in one cell or a population of cells. Transcriptome differ from exome in that it includes only those RNA moleculs found in a specified cell population.

2. Relationship between genomics and transcriptomics

By transcriptomics, we could know the expression of mRNA. But this alone, it is hard to apply to next step. By matching mRNA to the genome, we could know which gene is responsible for the phenotype.

3. What are mRNAs?

It convey genomic information from DNA to the ribosome to make DNA sequence as a amino acid sequence of protein product.

4. How to measure RNA expression?

In microarray, we can use probe to detect matched mRNA. If there are many mRNA, probe binds more which give higher intensity. By comparing the intensity, we could notice the mRNA is highly expressed or not.

5. Relationship between Transcriptome and Proteome.

Proteome is the final product of transcriptome. Cell express by a transcript, but action comes with protein not transcript.

6. What is a UTR?

UTR is untranslated region. In mRNA, there are 3' and 5' UTR. It's because ribosome always start translation from methionine and end to stop codon.

7. What is ncRNA ?

ncRNA is non-coding RNA . This RNA is not translated to protein. Examples are tRNA, rRNA, siRNA and micoRNA etc. In cell, they are doing specific work. For example, tRNA is used to translation and rRNA is used to synthesize RNA.

8. What is poly A ?

In 3' region of mRNA, there are multiple adenosine sequences. It aid mRNA to go out from nucleus, protect degradation from exonuclease until they start translation.