KSH 0610 Epigenomics

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 Epigenomics - Epi(Outside) + Genomics(The study of genome, especially function and structure analysis)

  • The study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell
  • Epigenetic modification
  1. DNA methylation by DNMT (DNA methyltransferase)
  2. Histone modification - acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and so on
  • Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation

         Ex) It could affect Tumorigenesis

         Ex) DNA imprinting

  • The effects of chromatin structure on the function of the included genes
  • Chromatin structure
  1. Euchromatin - a lightly packed form of chromatin. It is often under active transcription state.
  2. Heterochromatin - a tightly packed form of chromatin - inaccessible to polymerase and not transcribed
  3. Nucleosome - a basic unit of DNA packing in eukaryotes, consisting of 8 histone proteins and a segment of DNA (around 147bp)

 

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