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What is genomics

298 bytes removed, 06:38, 21 October 2011
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<p><b>Genomics</b> is a discipline in <a title="Genetics" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics">genetics</a> concerning the study of the <a class="mw-redirect" title="Genomes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomes">genomes</a> of organisms. The field includes intensive efforts to determine the entire <a class="mw-redirect" title="DNA sequence" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequence">DNA sequence</a> of organisms and fine-scale <a class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic mapping" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_mapping">genetic mapping</a> efforts. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as <a title="Heterosis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterosis">heterosis</a>, <a title="Epistasis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistasis">epistasis</a>, <a title="Pleiotropy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleiotropy">pleiotropy</a> and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of <a title="Molecular biology" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_biology">molecular biology</a> or <a title="Genetics" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics">genetics</a> and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes does not fall into the definition of genomics unless the aim of this genetic, pathway, and functional information analysis is to elucidate its effect on, place in, and response to the entire genome's networks.</p>
<p>For the <a title="United States Environmental Protection Agency" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a>, &quot;the term &quot;genomics&quot; encompasses a broader scope of scientific inquiry associated technologies than when genomics was initially considered. A genome is the sum total of all an individual organism's genes. Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue, at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome) levels.&quot;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomics#cite_note-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></p>
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