View source for 20170607 class lecture note part II

<p>Bioinformatics : Epigenomics</p>

<p>Def : epigenetic modification을 연구하는 학문 &gt; DNA or histones</p>

<p>Gene expression is controlled by Histone modifications, DNA modifications, RNA interference (trasmitted to next generation.. )&nbsp;...&nbsp;</p>

<p>( Methylation is just a type of modifications, which is well studied.. )</p>

<p>- DNA Methylation &gt; Hypo / Hyper - methylation ( 하이포 : 잘됨 / 하이퍼 : 잘 안됨 )</p>

<p>- DNA methyltrasferase (DNmt1 &lt; most famous one)</p>

<p>using S-Adenosyl Methyonine.&nbsp;</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Natural Roles of DNA Methylation in Mammalian System..</p>

<p>&gt; Imprinting</p>

<p>&gt; X chromosome inactivation</p>

<p>&gt; Heterochromatin ( compacted chromatin ) maintenance</p>

<p>&gt; Developmental controls</p>

<p>&gt; Tissue specific expression controls</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Heterochromatin &gt; if changed, become a cancer.. 암이 되기 위해서는 헤테로 크로마틴이 변형되어야 한다.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>To make cancer.. 1. heterochromatin make open</p>

<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2. de-activate some gene..&nbsp;</p>

<p>Methylation and Aging</p>

<p>: more methylation, older ... ? &nbsp;&gt; imprinting disorder, repeat-instability diseases, ect...</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>- Histone modification : Un or Acetylated histone. (un &gt; nucleosome)</p>

<p>아세틸기가 붙으면 공간이 넓어져서 더 많이 transcipted 된다.</p>

<p>- RNAi (interference)</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Bisulfite Sequencing</p>

<p>Methylation이 된 C는 U가 될 수 없다. 이렇게 되면 U가 된 RNA는 DNA에서 T로 바뀌지만 메틸레이션이 된 부분은 바뀌지 않는다.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>