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From Biolecture.org
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<p>Promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene</p>
<p>The region that has lots of CpG motifs is called CpG island.</p>
<p>Among around 60% of protein-encoding DNA sequences, their promoters are located in CpG islands. </p>
<p>When a gene is activated, the methylation level of a nearby CpG island is low.</p>
<p>When the gene switches off, the methylation level of the nearby Cpg island is high.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/methylation/dna_mdna.png" />(http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/methylation/dna_mdna.png)</p>
<p><img src="https://www.elitenetzwerk.bayern.de/uploads/tx_templavoila/Forschungsbericht_Epicombing_Zillner_figure1.jpg" />(https://www.elitenetzwerk.bayern.de/uploads/tx_templavoila/Forschungsbericht_Epicombing_Zillner_figure1.jpg)</p>
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