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<p><ib><bspan style="color: #000000">[[Haemophilus influenzae]],</bspan></ib><span style="color: #000000"><i><b>influenzae</b></i>, formerly called <b>Pfeiffer's bacillus</b> or <i><b>Bacillus influenzae</b></i>, is a non-motile Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium first described in 1892 by Richard Pfeiffer during an influenza pandemic. A member of the <i>Pasteurellaceae</i> family, it is generally aerobic, but can grow as a facultative anaerobe.<sup id="cite_ref-KuhnertChristensen_0-0" class="reference"><font size="2">[1]</font></sup> <i>H. influenzae</i> was mistakenly considered to be the cause of influenza until 1933, when the viral etiology of the flu became apparent. Still, <i>H. influenzae</i> is responsible for a wide range of clinical diseases.</span></p>
<p><span style="color: #000000"><i>H. influenzae</i> was the first free-living organism to have its entire genome sequenced. The sequencing project was completed and published in 1995.</span></p>
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<p><span style="color: #000000"><i>H. influenzae</i> was the first free-living organism to have its entire genome sequenced. Haemophilus was chosen because one of the project leaders, Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith, had been working on it for decades and was able to provide high-quality DNA libraries. The genome consists of 1,830,140 base pairs of DNA in a single circular chromosome that contains 1740 protein-coding genes, 58 transfer RNA genes tRNA, and 18 other RNA genes. The sequencing method used was Whole genome shotgun. The sequencing project, completed and published in <i>Science</i> in 1995, was conducted at The Institute for Genomic Research.<sup id="cite_ref-Fleichmann_1995_8-0" class="reference"><font size="2">[9]</font></sup></span></p>
<h2><span style="color: #000000"><span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span></span></h2>
<p><table style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid border-left: #aaa 1px solid; background-color: #f9f9f9; border-top: #aaa 1px solid; border-right: #aaa 1px solid" class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span style="color: #000000"><img alt="" width="30" height="40" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" /></span></td> <td class="mbox-text"><span style="color: #000000">Wikimedia Commons has media related to: <i><b>Haemophilus influenzae</b></i></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table></p>
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<li><span style="color: #000000">Pasteurellaceae </span></li>