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Woojae/Woojae's Encyclopedia

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<h2>Alignment</h2>
 
<p>Arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities</p>
 
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Chaperone</h2>
 
<p>In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the covalent folding or unfolrding and the assembly or disassembly of other macromolecular structures.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Differentiation</h2>
 
<p>The process where a cell&nbsp;changes from one cell type&nbsp;to another(more specialized)</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Encode</h2>
<p>&nbsp;</p> <h2>Envirotype</h2> <p>&nbsp;Change a information into a code.</p>
<h2>Epigenetic</h2>
<h2>Gene Annotation</h2>
<p>The process of identifying the locations of genes&nbsp;and all of the coding regions&nbsp;in a genome&nbsp;and determining what those genes do.</p>
<h2>Gene expression</h2>
<p>The process by which information from a gene&nbsp;is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA or small nuclear RNA genes, the products is a functional RNA.</p>
<h2>Genetic marker</h2>
<h2>Genomic</h2>
<p>&nbsp;Genomics aims at the collective characterization and quantification of genes, which direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules.</p>
<p>&nbsp;Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes.</p>
<h1>H</h1>
<h2>Histone</h2>
<p>Histones are highly alkaline proteins&nbsp;found in eukaryotic&nbsp;cell nuclei that package and order the DNA&nbsp;into structural units called nucleosomes.</p>
<h2>HomologousHomology</h2>
<p>&nbsp;The existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Inflammation</h2>
<p>Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants&nbsp;and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1>M</h1>
<h2>MetagenomeMetagenomics</h2>
<p>The study of genetic&nbsp;material recovered directly from environmental&nbsp;samples.</p>
<h2>Modifier genes</h2>
<h2>Mutation</h2>
<p>The permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome&nbsp;of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA&nbsp;or other genetic elements.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Neurodegenerative</h2>
<p>&nbsp;The progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.</p>
<h1>O</h1>
<h2>Open flamereading frame</h2> <p>The part of a reading frame&nbsp;that has the potential to be translated.</p> <p>An ORF is a continuous stretch of codons&nbsp;that contain a start codon(usually AUG) and a stop codon(usually UAA, UAG&nbsp;or UGA).</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>OrthologyOrthologous</h2>
<p>Homologous sequences are orthologous&nbsp;if they are inferred to be descended from the same ancestral sequence separated by a speciation&nbsp;event: when a species diverges into two separate species, the copies of a single gene in the two resulting species are said to be orthologous.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1>P</h1>
<h2>ParalogyParalogous</h2>
<p>Homologous sequences are paralogous if they were created by a duplication event within the genome. For gene duplication&nbsp;events, if a gene in an organism is duplicated to occupy two different positions in the same genome, then the two copies are paralogous.</p>
<h2>Personalized medicine</h2>
<p>Personalized medicine&nbsp;also termed precision medicine, is a medical procedure&nbsp;that separates patients into different groups&mdash;with medical decisions, practices, interventions and/or products being tailored to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease</p>
<h2>Phylogenetic tree</h2>
<p>A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree&nbsp;is a branching diagram&nbsp;or &quot;tree&quot; showing the inferred evolutionary&nbsp;relationships among various biological species&nbsp;or other entities&mdash;their phylogeny&mdash;based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Query</h2>
<p>&nbsp;A&nbsp;query&nbsp;is a form of questioning, in a line of inquiry</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1>R</h1>
<h2>Replicating Replication&nbsp;fork</h2>
<p>An Y shaped&nbsp;structure that forms within the nucleus during DNA replication. It is created by helicases, which break the hydrogen bonds holding the two DNA strands together.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Sequence assembly</h2>
 
<p>It refers to aligning&nbsp;and merging fragments from a longer DNA&nbsp;sequence in order to reconstruct the original sequence.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Sequencing</h2>
<p>The process of determining the nucloetide&nbsp;order of a given DNA&nbsp;fragment.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Topology</h2>
 
<p>Topology&nbsp;is concerned with the properties of space that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, crumpling&nbsp;and bending, but not tearing or gluing.</p>
 
<h2>Taxa</h2>
 
<p>It is a plural of taxon. Taxon is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Variation</h2>
<p>Genetic variation means that biological systems &ndash; individuals and populations &ndash; are different over space.</p> <p>Each gene pool&nbsp;includes various alleles&nbsp;of genes. The variation occurs both within and among populations, supported by individual carriers of the variant genes.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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