<p >&nbsp;</p><p>[[Youngjun Bhak]]</p><h2><span style="backgroundfont-size: white13.5pt; margincolor: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38ptblack; linesans-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: -18pt; mso-listserif: l0 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt&nbsp; font-family: &quotnbsp;Arial&quotnbsp;,sans-serif&nbsp; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"What is transcriptomics?</span><span style="mso-list: Ignore"/h2>1.<span p style="fontbackground: 7pt &quotwhite;Times New Roman&quotmargin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt;line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quot;Arial&quotblack;,sans-serif; color: black">What Thranscriptomics is transcriptomics?<o:p></o:p></spandiscipline of biology that study about the set of all RNA moleculs, including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA and non-coding RNA transcribed in one cell or a population of cells</span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><span lang="EN-US" p style="font-sizebackground: 13white; margin: 4.5pt8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; fontline-familyheight: 14.3pt">&quotnbsp;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">Thranscriptomics is discipline of biology that study about the set of all RNA moleculs, including mRNA, rRNA, tRNA and non-coding RNA transcribed in one cell or a population of cells<o:p</p></o:ph2></span style="font-size: 13.5pt; color: black; sans-serif: ">Relationship between genomics and transcriptomics</span></ph2><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><span langp style="ENbackground: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-USheight: 14.3pt" ><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quot;Arial&quotblack;,sans-serif; color: black">Transcriptomics is expressional genomics. <o:p>&nbsp;</o:p><//span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp; text-indent: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"</p><span lang="EN-US" p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><h2><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quotblack;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial">What are mRNAs?</span style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<span /h2><p style="fontbackground: 7pt &quotwhite;Times New Roman&quotmargin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt;line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;&nbsp; </spanp></span></span><span lang="EN-US" p style="font-sizebackground: 13white; margin: 4.5pt8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span style="font-familysize: &quot13.5pt;Arial&quotcolor: black;,sans-serif; color: black">Relationship between genomics and transcriptomicsmRNA is large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence if the protein products of gene expressing<o:p/span></o:p></spanp style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><h2><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quot;Arial&quotblack;,sans-serif; color: black">Transcriptomics is expressional genomics. <o:p></o:p>How to measure RNA expression?</span></ph2><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" stylestyle="font-size: 913.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">RNA-seq method is frequently used for measuring RNA expression.<o:p/span>&nbsp;</o:p></spanp style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp; text-indent: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"</p><h2><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quotblack;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial">Relationship between Transcriptome and Proteome.</span ></h2><div style="msobackground: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt; line-height: 14.3pt; text-listindent: Ignore20.25pt">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt &quot13.5pt;Times New Roman&quotcolor: black;sans-serif: ">&nbsp;&nbsp; Proteome is expressional Transcriptome. </span></span></spandiv><span lang="EN-US" div style="font-sizebackground: 13.5ptwhite; fontmargin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt; line-familyheight: &quot14.3pt;Arial&quot;,sanstext-serif; colorindent: black20.25pt">What are mRNAs?&nbsp;<o:p/div></o:p></span></p><p stylediv style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: 20.25pt">&nbsp;</div><h2><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familycolor: &quot;Arial&quotblack;,sans-serif; color: black">mRNA What is large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence if the protein products of gene expressing<oa UTR?</span></h2><div style="background:p></owhite; margin:p></span><4.8pt 0cm 6pt; line-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: 20.25pt">&nbsp;</pdiv><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 0cm 8pt 40pt"><6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 913.5pt; font-familybackground: &quot;Arial&quotwhite;,sans-serif; color: black; line-height: 107%">Untranslated region <o:p/span>&nbsp;</o:p></<span></p><p style="font-size: 13.5pt; background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; linesans-heightserif: 14.3pt"">(or&nbsp;UTR) refers to either of two sections, one on each side of a&nbsp;</span lang><a title="EN-USCoding sequence" stylehref="font-sizehttp: 9//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coding_sequence"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; fonttext-familydecoration: &quotnone;Arial&quot;,sans-serifbackground: white; color: blackwindowtext; text-underline: none; sans-serif: ">coding sequence<o:p/span>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="font-size: 13.5pt; background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; linesans-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: -18pt; mso-listserif: l0 level1 lfo1">on a strand of&nbsp;</span lang="EN-US></a><a title="MRNA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA" ><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; fonttext-familydecoration: &quotnone;Arial&quotbackground: white;,sanscolor: windowtext; text-serif; colorunderline: blacknone; msosans-fareast-font-familyserif: Arial">mRNA</span style="mso-list: Ignore">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt &quot13.5pt;Times New Roman&quotbackground: white;"sans-serif: ">&nbsp;. If it is found on the 5' side, it is called the&nbsp; </span></spana></span><span langa title="EN-USFive prime untranslated region" stylehref="fonthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_prime_untranslated_region"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; fonttext-familydecoration: none; background: white; color: &quotwindowtext;Arial&quottext-underline: none;,sans-serif; color: black">How to measure RNA expression?<o:p>5' UTR</o:pspan>&nbsp;</span></p><p style="font-size: 13.5pt; background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; linesans-heightserif: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: (or&quotnbsp;Arialleader sequence), or if it is found on the 3' side, it is called the&quotnbsp;,sans-serif"</span>RNA-seq method is frequently used for measuring RNA expression.<o:p/a><a title="Three prime untranslated region" href="http:/o:p></span><en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pThree_prime_untranslated_region"><p span style="backgroundfont-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; background: white; margincolor: windowtext; text-underline: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38ptnone; linesans-heightserif: 14.3pt">3' UTR</span>&nbsp;<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 913.5pt; font-familybackground: &quotwhite;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>(or&nbsp;trailer sequence).</o:pspan></spana></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</p><span lang="EN-US" p style="font-sizebackground: white; margin: 94.5pt8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; fontline-familyheight: 14.3pt">&quotnbsp;Arial&quot</p><h2><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; color: black;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>What is ncRNA&nbsp;</o:p>?</span></ph2><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt20pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp; text-indent</p><div style="margin: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10cm 0cm 8pt 15pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-familybackground: &quotwhite;Arial&quotline-height: 107%;,sans-serif; color: black">A&nbsp; msonon-fareast-font-family: Arial"coding RNA&nbsp;(ncRNA) is a functional&nbsp;</span><u><span style="msofont-listsize: Ignore">513.<span style="font5pt; text-decoration: 7pt &quotnone;Times New Roman&quotbackground: white;">&nbspcolor: windowtext;&nbspline-height: 107%; <text-underline: none; sans-serif: ">RNA Molecule that is not<font color="#0066cc"> </spanfont></span></spanu><span langa title="EN-USTranslation (genetics)" stylehref="font-sizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(genetics)"><u><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; fonttext-familydecoration: &quotnone;Arial&quotbackground: white; color: windowtext; line-height: 107%; text-underline: none;,sans-serif; color: black">Relationship between Transcriptome and Proteome.<o:p>translated</o:pspan></span></p><p style="style="font-size: 13.5pt; background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt; line-height: 14.3pt107%; textsans-indentserif: 20.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5""> into a&nbsp;</span></u></a><span langa title="EN-USProtein" stylehref="font-sizehttp: 13//en.wikipedia.5pt; org/wiki/Protein"><u><span style="font-familysize: &quot13.5pt;Arial&quottext-decoration: none;,sans-serifbackground: white; color: black">Proteome is expressional Transcriptome. windowtext; line-height: 107%; text-underline: none; sans-serif: ">protein<o:p/span></o:pu></spana></pdiv><p class="MsoListParagraph" div style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 0cm 8pt 40pt6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;</div><span lang="EN-US" div style="font-sizebackground: 9.5ptwhite; font-familymargin: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 107%14.3pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></pdiv><p div style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt">&nbsp;<span lang="EN-US" /div><div style="font-sizebackground: 9.5ptwhite; font-familymargin: &quot4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt;Arial&quot;,sansline-serif; colorheight: black14.3pt"><o:p>&&nbsp;</o:pdiv></span></pol style="list-style-type: decimal; direction: ltr"> <p li style="backgroundfont-size: 12pt; font-weight: whitenormal; margincolor: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38ptblack; linefont-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: -18pt; mso-liststyle: l0 level1 lfo1normal"> <span lang="EN-US" div style="fontmargin-sizebottom: 13.5pt6pt; font-familysize: &quot12pt;Arial&quotbackground: white;,sansfont-serifweight: normal; color: blackrgb(0,0,0); msofont-fareaststyle: normal; margin-fonttop: 4.8pt; line-familyheight: Arial14.3pt"><span style="msofont-listsize: Ignore">613.<span style="font5pt; color: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quotblack;sans-serif: ">&nbsp;&nbsp; What is poly A?</span></spandiv> </li></spanol><span lang="EN-US" p style="fontbackground: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">What is a UTR?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Untranslated region </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">(or<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">UTR</span>) refers to either of two sections, one on each side of a<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="Coding sequence" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coding_sequence"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; text-underline: none">coding sequence</span></a></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">on a strand of<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="MRNA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRNA"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; text-underline: none">mRNA</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">. If it is found on the 5' side, it is called the<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="Five prime untranslated region" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_prime_untranslated_region"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; text-underline: none">5' UTR</span></a></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">(or<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">leader sequence</span>), or if it is found on the 3' side, it is called the<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="Three prime untranslated region" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_prime_untranslated_region"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; text-underline: none">3' UTR</span></a></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white">(or<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">trailer sequence</span>).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">7.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">What is ncRNA&nbsp;?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt 15pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.5gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; line-height: 107%">A<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">non-coding RNA</span><span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>(<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">ncRNA</span>) is a functional<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="RNA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; line-height: 107%; text-underline: none">RNA</span></a></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; line-height: 107%">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; line-height: 107%">molecule that is not<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="Translation (genetics)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(genetics)"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; line-height: 107%; text-underline: none">translated</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; line-height: 107%"> into a<span class="apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><a title="Protein" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; text-decoration: none; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; background: white; color: windowtext; line-height: 107%; text-underline: none">protein</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; line-height: 107%"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 38pt; line-height: 14.3pt; text-indent: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial"><span style="mso-list: Ignore">8.<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">What is poly A?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="background: white; margin: 4.8pt 0cm 6pt 20pt; line-height: 14.3pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif; color: black">Poly A is long tail sequence of adenine nucleotides add it the 3&rsquo;end of the pre-mRNA. This promotes export from the nucleus and translation, and protects the mRNA from degradation<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font size="2" face="맑은 고딕">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></pdiv>