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#Mitochondrial dysfunction and aging produces similar defects in stem cells
#Stem cells do not age at the same rate; about one third od chronologically aged HSCs exhibit regeberative function similar to healthy young HSCs, coinciding with the health of mitochondria.
Research into stem cells grew out of findings by Canadian biologists [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_McCulloch Ernest McCulloch], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Till James Till] and Andrew J. Becker at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Toronto University of Toronto] and the Ontario Cancer Institute in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-2">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-2 [2]]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-3">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-3 [3]]</sup> As of 2016, the only established [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_therapy medical therapy using stem cells] is [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation hematopoietic stem cell transplantation],<sup id="cite_ref-4">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-4 [4]]</sup> first performed in 1958 by French oncologist [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Mathé Georges Mathé]. Since 1998 however, it has been possible to culture and differentiate human embryonic stem cells (in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_lines stem-cell lines]). The process of isolating these cells has been [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_controversy controversial], because it typically results in the destruction of the embryo. Sources for isolating ESCs have been [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_laws restricted] in some European countries and Canada, but others such as the UK and China have promoted the research.<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_Intl_5-0">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-Pew_Intl-5 [5]]</sup> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer Somatic cell nuclear transfer] is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning cloning] method that can be used to create a cloned embryo for the use of its embryonic stem cells in stem cell therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-6">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-6 [6]]</sup> In 2006, a Japanese team led by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka Shinya Yamanaka] discovered a method to convert mature body cells back into stem cells. These were termed [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_pluripotent_stem_cells induced pluripotent stem cells] (iPSCs).<sup id="cite_ref-:6_7-0">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell#cite_note-:6-7 [7]]</sup><br/> <br/> full txt link : [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell]<br/> <br/>
'''How does the total amount of stem cells in humans change over time?<br/> At what age does it reach its maximum and minimum?'''<br/> When fertilization occurs, one: start life, two 120 years.
When certain data points are plotted, it seems feasible to converge through statistical methods (considering the number of inflection points).<br/> Are there any papers related to the number of stem cells at various ages in a particular sample?<br/> > No results found in the initial search. (Only use 14 min)
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