Changes

<pul> <li>Active Site :&nbsp;The specific portion of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate by means of weak chemical bonds.</pli> <li>Alignment :&nbsp;arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify similarities</li></ul>

<pul> <li>Bioinformatics&nbsp;:&nbsp;an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field that develops methods and&nbsp;software tools&nbsp;for understanding&nbsp;biological&nbsp;data. As an&nbsp;interdisciplinary&nbsp;field of science, bioinformatics combines&nbsp;Computer Science,&nbsp;Biology,&nbsp;Mathematics, and&nbsp;Engineering&nbsp;to analyze and interpret biological data.</li></ul> <ul> <li>BLAST :&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;Local&nbsp;Alignment&nbsp;Search&nbsp;Tool is an&nbsp;algorithm&nbsp;for comparing&nbsp;primary&nbsp;biological sequence information, such as the&nbsp;amino-acid&nbsp;sequences of&nbsp;proteins&nbsp;or the&nbsp;nucleotides&nbsp;of&nbsp;DNA sequences.</li> <li>Biomarker :&nbsp;generally refers to a measurable&nbsp;indicator&nbsp;of some biological state or condition. The term is also occasionally used to refer to a substance whose detection indicates the presence of a&nbsp;living organism.</li></ul> <hr /><ul> <li>Central dogma :&nbsp;The&nbsp;<strong>central dogma of molecular biology</strong>&nbsp;is an explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system.</li></ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DNA(Duplication)&nbsp;&rarr; RNA&nbsp;&rarr; Protein</p> <ul> <li>CRISPR :&nbsp;&nbsp;a family of DNA&nbsp;sequences in bacteria. The sequences contain snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the bacterium.</li> <li>cDNA :&nbsp;&nbsp;DNA&nbsp;synthesized from a single stranded RNA</li></ul> <hr /><ul> <li>Domain :&nbsp;a conserved part of a given protein sequence and&nbsp;(tertiary) structure&nbsp;that can&nbsp;evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.</li></ul>

<pul>BLAST <li>Evolution :&nbsp;Basic&nbsp;Local&nbsp;Alignment&nbsp;Search&nbsp;Tool is an&nbsp;algorithm&nbsp;for comparing&nbsp;primary&nbsp;biological the sequence information, such as of events involved in the&nbsp;amino-acid&nbsp;sequences evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group oforganisms</li> <li>Epigenetics :&nbsp;proteins&nbsp;or the&nbsp;nucleotides&nbsp;study ofheritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the&nbsp;DNA sequences.sequence</li></pul>

<pul>Central dogma :&nbsp;The <li>Frequency(allele&nbsp;frequency)<strong>central dogma of molecular biology: </strong>the relative frequency of an allele&nbsp;is an explanation (variant of the flow of genetic information within a biological systemgene) at a particular locus&nbsp;in a population,&nbsp;expressed as a fraction or percentage.</pli></ul>

<phr /><ul> <li>Gene Regulation :&nbsp; &nbsp; DNA(Duplication)&nbsp;&rarrregulation of transcription; controlled by an operon which varies the accessibility of the RNA&nbsp;&rarr; Proteinpolymerase to genes being transcribed</li></pul>

<pul>Protein Domain <li>Homolog :&nbsp;a conserved part of a given protein sequence andIn biology, homology&nbsp;(tertiary) structure&nbsp;that can&nbsp;evolveis the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, functionor genes, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.in different taxa</li></pul>

<pul>Evolution <li>Taxa :&nbsp;In&nbsp;biology, a&nbsp;taxon&nbsp;(plural&nbsp;taxa;&nbsp;the sequence back-formation&nbsp;from&nbsp;<em>taxonomy</em>) is a group of events involved in the evolutionary development one or more populations of a species an organism or taxonomic group of organismsseen by&nbsp;taxonomists&nbsp;to form a unit.</li></pul>

<pul>Allele frequency(gene frequency) <strongli> Locus : </strong>the relative frequency of an allele&nbsp;(variant of a gene) at a particular locusin genetics&nbsp;in is a fixed position on a populationchromosome,&nbsp;expressed as like the position of a fraction gene or percentagea marker (genetic marker) .</pli></ul>

<pul>Gene Regulation <li>Ortholog :&nbsp;regulation of transcription; controlled Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral gene by an operon which varies speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the accessibility same function in the course of the RNA polymerase to genes being transcribedevolution.</li></pul>

<pul>Homolog <li>Paralog :&nbsp;In biology, homology&nbsp;is Paralogs are genes related by duplication within a genome. Orthologs retain the same function in the existence course of shared ancestry between a pair of structuresevolution, or geneswhereas paralogs evolve new functions, in different taxaeven if these are related to the original one.</li></pul>

<pul>Taxa <li>qRNA (Real time - PCR) :&nbsp;InqPCR is used to quantitatively measure the amplification of DNA using fluorescent dyes. qPCR is also referred to as quantitative PCR,&nbsp;biologyquantitative real-time PCR, a&nbsp;taxon&nbsp;(plural&nbsp;taxa;&nbsp;backand real-formation&nbsp;from&nbsp;<em>taxonomytime quantitative PCR.</emli>) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by&nbsp;taxonomists&nbsp;to form a unit.</pul>

<pul>Ortholog <li>Reverse-Transcription RCR (RT-PCR) :&nbsp;Orthologs are genes in different species that evolved from a common ancestral &nbsp;RT-PCR is used to qualitatively detect gene by speciation. Normally, orthologs retain the same function in the course expression through creation of evolution.complementary DNA(cDNA) transcripts from RNA</li></pul>

<pul>Paralog <li>Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) : Paralogs are genes related by duplication within &nbsp;&nbsp;a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a genome. Orthologs retain the same function specific position in the course of evolution, whereas paralogs evolve new functionsgenome, even if these are related where each variation is present to the original one.some appreciable degree within a population</li></pul>

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